Free Essays on Mao And Deng

Definition of Leadership Leadership is a term used for defining the characteristics, qualities, skills, and objectives of an individual who successfully leads his or her particular group or organization in the attainment of the desired goal or objective. Background of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping Mao Zedong (1893-1976) Mao Zedong was born Hunan Province in the rocky upland village of Shaoshan, Xiangtan Country. Mao began attending the village school in Shaoshan when he was eight years old. After only five years of school, however, his father had him return to the farm to work in the fields by day and manage the account books at night. Mao was six years older than the other students, and his ragged clothes and country manners were a source of great embarrassment to him. By early 1911, versed in the traditional classics and alert to the crisis of his country, the seventeen-year-old Mao was ready for larger things. He took a steamer to Changsha, where he was admitted to middle school and began reading newspaper. He rapidly became one of the most avid readers in his age group and later stated that his entire education had been through newspapers. Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997) Deng Xiaoping was born Deng Xixian in Paifang Village in Xiexing township, Guang'an County, Sichuan Province. He was educated in France, participating in a work-study program for Chinese students, where many notable Asian revolutionaries, such as Ho Chi Minh and Zhou Enlai, discovered Marxism-Leninism. Analysis of their background From their background, we can see that both leaders were born in rural areas and educated there, which convince us that both leaders knew what exactly the farmers wanted and needed. However, Deng also had spent part of his life in France studying, to which it showed that Deng had already known the western ideas in his young and that can be part of the reason why Deng had not supported some of Mao’s pol... Free Essays on Mao And Deng Free Essays on Mao And Deng Definition of Leadership Leadership is a term used for defining the characteristics, qualities, skills, and objectives of an individual who successfully leads his or her particular group or organization in the attainment of the desired goal or objective. Background of Mao Zedong and Deng Xiaoping Mao Zedong (1893-1976) Mao Zedong was born Hunan Province in the rocky upland village of Shaoshan, Xiangtan Country. Mao began attending the village school in Shaoshan when he was eight years old. After only five years of school, however, his father had him return to the farm to work in the fields by day and manage the account books at night. Mao was six years older than the other students, and his ragged clothes and country manners were a source of great embarrassment to him. By early 1911, versed in the traditional classics and alert to the crisis of his country, the seventeen-year-old Mao was ready for larger things. He took a steamer to Changsha, where he was admitted to middle school and began reading newspaper. He rapidly became one of the most avid readers in his age group and later stated that his entire education had been through newspapers. Deng Xiaoping (1904-1997) Deng Xiaoping was born Deng Xixian in Paifang Village in Xiexing township, Guang'an County, Sichuan Province. He was educated in France, participating in a work-study program for Chinese students, where many notable Asian revolutionaries, such as Ho Chi Minh and Zhou Enlai, discovered Marxism-Leninism. Analysis of their background From their background, we can see that both leaders were born in rural areas and educated there, which convince us that both leaders knew what exactly the farmers wanted and needed. However, Deng also had spent part of his life in France studying, to which it showed that Deng had already known the western ideas in his young and that can be part of the reason why Deng had not supported some of Mao’s pol...

Free Essays on Old Testament

Old Testament The Christian name for the Hebrew Bible. It is the sacred scripture of Judaism and the first portion of the Christian @Bible. According to Jewish teachings, it is made up of three parts: the Law (also known as the Torah or Pentateuch), comprising the @first five books (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy), which describes @the origins of the world, the covenant @ @between the Lord and Israel, the exodus and entry into the promised land, and the various rules governing social and religious behavior; @the Prophets , including the former prophets (Joshua, Judges, Samuel 1-2, Kings 1-2) and the latter prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, @Ezekiel, and the 12 minor prophets), which describes the history of the Israelites, the stories of heroes, kings, judges, and wars, and the @choosing of David as leader of the Israelites; and the Writings (including Psalms, Job, Song of Solomon, and Ruth, among others), which @describes the reactions of the people to t he laws and covenant! s, as well as prayers and praises of the covenant. Some books of the Old @Testament regarded as sacred by the Jews are not accepted as such by Christians; among Christians there are differences between @Roman Catholics and Protestants about the inclusion of some books, the order of the books, and the original sources used in @translating them. Scholars generally agree that the Old Testament was compiled from c. 1000 B.C. to c. 100 B.C. The first 39 books of the Bible dealing with the life and times of the Jews, and the development of their idea of God before the coming of Jesus. New Testament The second portion of the Christian Bible, which contains 27 books that form the basis of Christian belief. These @books include the sayings of Jesus, the story of his life and work, the death and resurrection of Jesus now celebrated as Easter, the @teachings and writings of the apostles, and instruction for converting nonbelievers and f... Free Essays on Old Testament Free Essays on Old Testament Old Testament The Christian name for the Hebrew Bible. It is the sacred scripture of Judaism and the first portion of the Christian @Bible. According to Jewish teachings, it is made up of three parts: the Law (also known as the Torah or Pentateuch), comprising the @first five books (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy), which describes @the origins of the world, the covenant @ @between the Lord and Israel, the exodus and entry into the promised land, and the various rules governing social and religious behavior; @the Prophets , including the former prophets (Joshua, Judges, Samuel 1-2, Kings 1-2) and the latter prophets (Isaiah, Jeremiah, @Ezekiel, and the 12 minor prophets), which describes the history of the Israelites, the stories of heroes, kings, judges, and wars, and the @choosing of David as leader of the Israelites; and the Writings (including Psalms, Job, Song of Solomon, and Ruth, among others), which @describes the reactions of the people to t he laws and covenant! s, as well as prayers and praises of the covenant. Some books of the Old @Testament regarded as sacred by the Jews are not accepted as such by Christians; among Christians there are differences between @Roman Catholics and Protestants about the inclusion of some books, the order of the books, and the original sources used in @translating them. Scholars generally agree that the Old Testament was compiled from c. 1000 B.C. to c. 100 B.C. The first 39 books of the Bible dealing with the life and times of the Jews, and the development of their idea of God before the coming of Jesus. New Testament The second portion of the Christian Bible, which contains 27 books that form the basis of Christian belief. These @books include the sayings of Jesus, the story of his life and work, the death and resurrection of Jesus now celebrated as Easter, the @teachings and writings of the apostles, and instruction for converting nonbelievers and f...

Evaluate research methodologies used in VoIP research Essay

Evaluate research methodologies used in VoIP research - Essay Example A thorough security analysis is done at every stage of the protocol for understanding the risks and ways to combat it. The third stage is the key derivation process in protocols like Mickey which is thoroughly analyzed and done. The article â€Å"Quantifying Skype User Satisfaction† is based on the various peer-to-peer protocols and thoroughly analysis of the model which is developed to measure the user satisfaction index. A detailed analysis of the communication and the various VoIP sessions that are responsible for making it happen. The Cox model is developed and analyzed for making the User satisfaction index interpretation quite strong with detailed analysis. Most of the data is from journals and web related material which makes it quite usable to use the information for analysis and design. The variety of suggestions would make sure that all the analysis is well supported and framed for getting the right decision for the paper and its objectives. Pervez & Kjell (2005) defines as: â€Å"we must ourselves collect the data that are relevant to our particular study and research problem.† The large academic text and journals which are required for making the right judgment for illustrating the theory and explanation of the various protocols are of good. The renowned nature of books and journals make sure that all the information is taken to its full extent. The research method used is quite susceptible to various faults as security is not discussed in detail and more emphasis is given to VoIP protocols for their illustration. The in-depth discussion on the various VoIP protocols would make sure that all the various aspects are touched upon and illustrated in detail. The detailed discussion of the various VoIP protocols is an advantage of the paper and make sure that all the various scenarios are taken care to its maximum in deriving the gross attitude for fetching the objectives of the paper. The various

The Learning Curves Theory Review of the Pizza Store Layout Simulation Essay

The Learning Curves Theory Review of the Pizza Store Layout Simulation - Essay Example The first assumption evaluates the time that a business requires to complete routine tasks (Anderson & Parker, 2002). They further explain that the second assumption measures the degree of improvement that reduces when volume is increased. Lastly, the learning curve theory estimates the rate of predictable improvement in an organization over a set period. Mario Pizziera’s management team increases the number of tables in tables of four and two to 10 and 8 respectively. The team also increases the waiting staff to a total of six employees who serve customers and three kitchen staff to prepare Mario’s tasty pizzas. The overall output of these changes in the restaurant increase table utilization by 93.85 % in the tables that four customers occupy. Previously, table utilization was 99.56% on tables that a batch of four customers occupied in the restaurant. The total number of customers that balk in tables of four is 37. Mario’s restaurant tables are distributed and i ncreased to ten and eight in tables of four and two respectively to increase productivity and profits. The tables that four customers occupy in the restaurant upsurges to 107 groups of customers but 17 groups walk out without receiving Mario’s service and pizzas. Tables that host a batch of two customers increase in utilization by 88%. The number of groups in tables that two customers occupy increases to 69, but 2 groups balk. The time that customers wait for services and food are 5.63 minutes and a queue length of 2.46 minutes. The profits during this organizational change amount to $1,308 but lost sales are worth $540. Mario wants more profits and sales, which prompts for an adjustment in the pizza layout simulation process. ... Mario Pizziera has only two manual ovens that function well. The processing time for pizza increases to 15 minutes while the time that time that waiting staff utilize in serving customers increases to 13 minutes from 8 minutes. Mario’s management team improvises a new menu order that is automatic. They also purchase two new Plax ovens that process faster than the manual ovens. Two Plax ovens increase the number of groups of customers that occupy tables for two by 68 groups, but 2 groups balk without Mario’s pizza. Tables that host groups of four customers increase by 108 groups, but 10 groups walk out without pizza. The tables that host a batch of four customers per table has a decrease in utility by 80.40%. However, the waiting time for customers decreases to 3.96 minutes and 2.44 minutes for queue length. Mario’s waiting staff utility level increases by 90.83% but the kitchen staff experiences under utility by 68%. The new Plax ovens need less of the staff effo rts in preparing pizza. Mario Pizziera’s profits increase to $1,665 and lost sales decrease to $330. Mario implements a promotional strategy that will market the pizza restaurant to potential customers and increase demand. He creates a take-out counter and cream puffs as new products and services in the restaurant. Tables that host a batch of two customers in each table hold 98 groups but 9 groups walk out without Mario’s pizza. The eight tables that host two customers in a meal have 79.86% utility. Tables that host a batch of four customers accommodate for 141 groups, but 19 groups balk. The utilization of table four in the restaurant is 79.84%. The take-out counter does not have any customers. Mario’s wait staff increase utility

When companies come together in a supply chain, the result can be Essay

When companies come together in a supply chain, the result can be vastly more than the sum of the parts with significant impact on communications, organizational structure, relationships and performance - Essay Example There may be many companies, which have maintained a systematic well-maneuvered delivery mechanics in supplying their products in response the market demand. This may happen that the companies have a strong configured system for maintaining a strong supply chain towards their purchase of raw materials, delivery and distribution of the raw materials in accordance with their different product lines, maintenance of their work-in-progress in a well stipulated way and finally delivery of their final product and finished goods from the center of production to the different region of consumption. But due to some unwanted communication failure they face a shortfall in maintaining its management system. What the companies will do in such circumstances? There comes the necessity of togetherness of the companies in respect of sophistication of their management system keeping a common goal of a strong organizational structure, relationship assortment and communication structure and well-acquaint ed performance. This type of joint venture of the companies not only help them in their short run systematic behavior towards different dimension of their businesses, but it will also help them for getting a way of achieving sustainability in the long run also. Joint ventures if chosen in a proper way and implemented accordingly, it can be a enormous approach for the businesses to achieve such opportunities and ultimately their desired profits, that otherwise is not possible. The grouping up of the companies in a supply chain can enhance their reaching in different regions and areas of market, accessing untapped resources and necessary business information and data, building acceptability, credibility and trustworthiness of the companies in the market both in terms of their brand and  delivery mechanism. They can be further benefited in accessing and penetrating new market that would otherwise impossible without the assistance of

The Bhagavad Gita Essay Example for Free

The Bhagavad Gita Essay is perhaps the most famous, and definitely the most widely-read, ethical text of ancient India. As an episode in Indias great epic, the Mahabharata, The Bhagavad Gita now ranks as one of the three principal texts that define and capture the essence of Hinduism; the other two being the Upanishads and the Brahma Sutras. Though this work contains much theology, its kernel is ethical and its teaching is set in the context of an ethical problem. The teaching of The Bhagavad Gita is summed up in the maxim your business is with the deed and not with the result. When Arjuna, the third son of king Pandu (dynasty name: Pandavas) is about to begin a war that became inevitable once his one hundred cousins belonging to the Kaurava dynasty refused to return even a few villages to the five Pandava brothers after their return from enforced exile, he looks at his cousins, uncles and friends standing on the other side of the battlefield and wonders whether he is morally prepared and justified in killing his blood relations even though it was he, along with his brother Bhima, who had courageously prepared for this war. Arjuna is certain that he would be victorious in this war since he has Lord Krishna (one of the ten incarnations of Vishnu) on his side. He is able to visualize the scene at the end of the battle; the dead bodies of his cousins lying on the battlefield, motionless and incapable of vengeance. It is then that he looses his nerve to fight. The necessity for the arose because the one hundred cousins of the Panadavas refused to return the kingdom to the Pandavas as they had originally promised. The eldest of the Pandav brothers, Yudhisthir, had lost his entire kingdom fourteen years ago to the crafty Kaurava brothers in a game of dice, and was ordered by his cousins to go on a fourteen-year exile. The conflict between the Pandavas and the Kauravas brewed gradually when the Kauravas refused to return the kingdom to the Panadavas and honor the agreement after the fourteen-year exile, and escalated to a full scale war when the Kauravas refused to even grant Yudhisthirs reduced demand for a f ew villages instead of the entire kingdom. As the battle is about to begin, Arjuna, himself an acclaimed warrior, wonders how he could kill his own blood relatives with whom he had grown up as a child. He puts the battle on hold and begins a conversation with Krishna, one of the ten but most important incarnations of the Universal Hindu God, Vishnu. The Bhagavad Gita begins here and ends with Krishna convincing Arjuna that in the grand scheme of things, he is only a  pawn. The best he could do is do his duty and not question Gods will. It was his duty to fight. In convincing Arjuna, the Lord Krishna provides a philosophy of life and restores Arjunas nerve to begin the battle a battle that had been stalled because the protagonist had lost his nerve and needed time to reexamine his moral values. Even though The Bhagavad Gita (hereafter referred to as the Gita) is one of the three principal texts that define the essence of Hinduism, and since all over the world Hindus chant from the Gita during most of their religious ceremonies, strictly speaking the Gita is not one of the Hindu scriptures. In light of its inseparable links to one of the two great Hindu epics (Mahabharata and Ramayana) which most Indians hold very dear to their hearts, and because Krishna, the most venerated and popular of the incarnations of Lord Vishnu, figur es so prominently in it, the Gita over the years has not only become very popular but has ascended to spiritual heights that are afforded only to the Vedas (and the subsequent reinterpretive philosophies that followed them) and the Upanishads in the ancient Indian literature. The concept and symbol of God were extremely complicated issues (see below) in the ancient Hindu religious literature prior to the writing of the Gita. The notion of God and the paths to salvation are integral parts of all religions. The manner in which Hinduism originally dealt with these two fundamental issues was very complex and appeared to be too speculative at times. This was one of the reasons for which Buddhism branched out as a separate religion. When Buddhism was beginning to grow in popularity, Hinduism met with its first challenge: To provide a clear-cut, easy-to-worship symbol of God to its followers. For a variety of reasons, Lord Krishna was the obvious choice. Many have even suggested that it was one of the most pivotal choices ever made by ancient scholars to `humanize the concept of God in the Hindu religion. Molded in the original image of Lord Vishnu, Krishna is an affable Avatar (reincarnation of God) which for the first time provided concrete guidelines for living to all mortals. The average Hindu might not know much about Brahma, but every one knows who Lord Krishna is. Mahatma Gandhi read the Gita often when he was in seclusion and in prison. But, the universal popularity of the Gita has not detracted Indian scholars from deviating from the fundamental truth about Hinduism. The Gita is not the Hindu scripture even though the literal translation of Bhagavad Gita is The Song of God. The Nobel laureate Indian poet, Rabindra Nath Tagore, rarely quoted from the Gita in his philosophical writings; instead, he chose to refer to the Upanishads, to quote from it, and to use its teachings in his own works. Of course, the teachings of the Upanishads are included in the Gita; they are visible in multiple chapters of the Gita. The kinetic concepts of karma and yoga, which appeared for the first time in the Upanishads (explained below), appear repeatedly in the Gita, often in disguised forms. As with almost every religious Indian text, it is difficult to pinpoint when exactly the Gita was written. Without a doubt, it was written over a period of centuries by many writers. From the contents of the Gita, it is abundantly clear that both the principal teachings of the Upanishads and of early Buddhism were familiar to the writers of the Gita. So, it has been approximated that the Gita was written during the period 500-200 BCE. Even though India is one of the few nations which h as a continuous documented history, very few Indian religious texts exists for which the exact date of publication is established without controversy. Despite its universal appeal, the Gita is replete with contradictions both at the fundamental level and at the highest level of philosophical discourse. To the discerning eye, it would seem that what has been said in the previous chapter, is contradicted in the very next chapter. This is the fundamental complaint against the Gita, and this fact would appear to be ironic given the fact that the Gita was originally written to reconcile the differences between two of the six major ancient Indian philosophies (Darshans) that evolved over the early years of Hinduism and became integral parts of ancient Indian religious literature. The irony disappears however when one understands what the Gita purported to achieve at the level of philosophical and religious discourse. This fact is crucial not only for the understanding of the principal themes of the Gita but also to locate the essence of the Gita in the overall picture of ancient Indian doctrines. The Gita attempted, for the first time, to reconcile the teachings of two very abstract Indian religious doctrines into one whole. The task was a formidable one. The Gita tried to include the fundamentals of two ancient Indian philosophies into one document and reconcile the principal differences between them. At the outset, one must note that the two doctrines (Darshans) were often extremely difficult to understand. Hence the inevitable contradictions or duality of interpretation. The Six Darshans  of ancient India were actually of differing origin and purpose, but all were brought into the scheme by being recognized as viable ways of salvation. They were divided into three groups of two complementary schools of thought (Darshans) or doctrines: Nyaya and Vaisesika; Sankhyya and Yoga; and Mimamsha and Vedanta. The Bhagavad Gita attempted to reconcile the Sankhyya philosophy with those of the Vedanta doctrine. One must note in passing that the Sankhyya school of thought led to Buddhism while the Vedanta philosophy is at the root of modern Hinduism. In this article, we are only going to discuss briefly the two Darshans the Sankhyya and the Vedanta the Gita attempted to reconcile. The Sankhyya is the oldest of the six Darshans while the Vedanta is the most important of the six systems. The various subsystems of the Vedanta doctrine has led to the emergence of modern intellectual Hinduism. The primary text of the Vedanta system is the Brahma Sutras, and its doctrines were derived in great part from the Upanishads, which marked the beginning of Hinduism as is understood and practiced today. Even though the Vedas are Indias ancient sacred texts, modern Hinduism begins with the Vedanta (end of Vedas) and attains its zenith with the Brahma Sutras. The Sankhyya philosophy traces the origins of ev erything to the interplay of Prakriti (nature) and Purusha (the Self, to be differentiated from the concept of the soul in the latter Indian philosophies). These two separate entities have always existed and their interplay is at the root of all reality. The concept of God is conspicuous by its absence. There is no direct mention of God but only a passing reference as to how one should liberate himself to attain the realization of Is war (a heavenly entity). A very significant feature of Sankhyya is the doctrine of the three constituent qualities (gunas), causing virtue (sattva), passion (rajas), and dullness (tamas). On the other hand, the Vedanta school of thought deals with the concept of Brahman the ultimate reality that is beyond all logic and encompasses not only the concepts of being and non-being but also all the phases in between. It is one of the most difficult concepts in the entire Indian philosophy. At the highest level of truth, the entire universe of phenomena, including the gods themselves, was unreal the world was Maya, illusion, a dream, a mirage, a fragment of the imagination. The only reality is Brahman. One can see quite clearly the sources for the Gitas contradictions. It was dealing with not only two widely-differing Darshans  but also with two of the most abstract philosophical systems. We know that the Gita was written long after the emergence of modern Hinduism. So it was able to draw on a wide variety of phi losophical themes both ancient and relatively modern by comparison, and often opposing still present in modern Hinduism. Yet, to consolidate the two schools of thoughts proved to be an extremely difficult task a fact which the lyricism of the Gita, in the words of Lord Krishna himself, could not camaflouge. Any serious reader would arrive at the conclusion that even though the Gita mentions the Sankhyya, it more or less elaborates on ideas that originated with the Upanishads. The fundamental tenets of Hinduism took shape during the period 800-500 BCE. They were set down in a series of treaties called the Upanishads. The Upanishads arise at the end of the Vedas, which earns it the name Veda-anta, which literally means end (anta) of the Vedas. Almost all philosophy and religion in India rests upon the wealth of speculation contained in these works. The Upanishads center on the inner realms of the spirit. Encompassing the meaning of spiritual unity, the Upanishads point directly to the Divine Unity which pervades all of nature and is identical to the self. There are four kinetic ideas ideas that involve action or motion that represent the core of Indian spirituality. The ultimate objective is control of the passions and to realize a state of void a concept very similar to that of Buddhism. The four kinetic ideas are karma, maya, nirvana, and yoga and they appear in the Gita. But one must remember that they appeared for the first time in the Upanishads. A brief summary of the four ideas are provided below. Karma: The law of universal causality, which connects man with the cosmos and condemns him to transmigrate to move from one body to another after death indefinitely. In the Gita, Krishna makes an allusion to the eternal soul that moves from body to body as it ascends or descends the ladder of a given hierarchy, conditioned on the nature of ones own karma work of life or life deeds. Maya: refers to cosmic illusion; the mysterious process that gives rise to phenomena and maintains the cosmos. According to this idea, the world is not simply what is seems to the human senses a view with which the 20th century western scientists wholly agree. Absolute reality, situated somewhere beyond the cosmic illusion woven by maya and beyond human  experience as conditioned by karma. Both Tagore, the renowned Indian poet and Albert Einstein, the famous scientist, agreed on this conclusion. Absolute reality, in their minds, was beyond human perception. Nirvana: The state of absolute blessedness, characterized by release from the cycle of reincarnations; freedom from the pain and care of the external world; bliss. Union with God or Atman. Hindus call such mystical union with ultimate reality as Samandhi or Moksha. Yoga: implies integration; bringing all the faculties of the psyche under the control of the self. Essentially, the object of various types of yoga is mind control, and the system lays down the effectual techniques of gaining liberation and achieving divine union. The word yoga is loosely applied to any program or technique which leads toward the union with God or Atman. There are five principal kinds of yoga: Hatha(physical), jnana (the way of knowledge), bhakti (the way of love), karma (the way of work), and rajah (mystical experience). The Western worlds interest in The Bhagavad Gita began around the end of the eighteenth century when the first English translation of the Gita was published. All religious texts of ancient India were written in Sanskrit. In November 1784, the first direct translation of a Sanskrit work into English was completed by Charles Wilkins. The book that was translated was The Bhagavad Gita. Friedreich Max Mueller (1823-1900), the German Sanskritist who spent most of his working life as Professor of Comparative Philology at Oxford University, served as the chief editor of the Sacred Books of the East. (Oxford University Press). The Gita was included in this famous collection. Since then, the Gita has become one of the most widely-read texts of the world. True, there are unexplained contradictions and paradoxes in this brief book, but its wide-ranging implications based on the two ancient Darshans of India and its allegorical meanings are still being examined and reinterpreted.

Spiritual Emptiness in Hemingways A Clean, Well-Lighted Place Essay

Ernest Hemingway's short story, "A Clean, Well-Lighted Place," first published in 1933, is written in his characteristic terse, unembellished style. The definition of "Style" is "the characteristics of language in a particular story and . . . the same characteristics in a writer's complete works" (Gioa and Gwynn, "Style" 861). Short words and a curt tone are so characteristic of Hemingway's style that writers frequently parody them in "International Imitation Hemingway" contests (Gioa and Gwynn, "Style" 861). But Hemingway could only his express this story's theme -- that there is nothing beyond the here and now of daily existence, no God to embellish our lives -- in an unembellished style of writing. The somewhat empty style of this short story is not "Imitation Hemingway"; it's consistent with the story's theme of spiritual emptiness. Almost thirty lines of "A Clean Well-Lighted Place" are pure dialogue with few clues, other than what is said, about who is speaking. In the rest of the story, the percentage of words with more than two syllables is very low. Some biographers point out that Hemingway learned his rules of writing working for the Kansas City Star, whose style-book admonished reporters to "Use short sentences. Use short first paragraphs. Use vigorous English, not forgetting to strive for smoothness" (qtd. in Desnoyers 2). Was the curt style of "A Clean, Well-Lighted Place" caused only by Hemingway's having learned writing from a newspaper style-book? He later said about those newspaper rules, "Those were the best rules I ever learned for the business of writing. I've never forgotten them. No man with any talent, who feels and writes truly about the thing he is trying to say, can fail to write wel... .... "One True Sentence." The Longman Masters of Short Fiction. Eds. Dana Gioia and R.S. Gwynn. New York: Longman, 2002. 375-376. Desnoyers, Megan Floyd. "Ernest Hemingway: A Storyteller's Legacy." The Ernest Hemingway Collection. 12 December 2002. John F. Kennedy Library and Museum. 20 August 2003. . Gioia, Dana, and R.S. Gwynn. "Ernest Hemingway." The Longman Masters of Short Fiction. Eds. Dana Gioia and R.S. Gwynn. New York: Longman, 2002. 370-372. Gioia, Dana, and R.S. Gwynn. "Style." The Longman Masters of Short Fiction. Eds. Dana Gioia and R.S. Gwynn. New York: Longman, 2002. 861-862. The Hemingway Resource Center. "Ernest Hemmingway Biography>Key West." The Hemingway Resource Center. LostGeneration.com. 20 August 2003. .